Laparoscopic cholecystectomy or laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder is a method of surgical treatment in which a pathologically altered gallbladder is removed using laparoscopic techniques and endoscopic instruments.

Laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder combines radical interventiom with low trauma, allows operations using minimal incisions in the patient's skin. This allows you to almost completely preserve the integrity of the soft tissues of the abdominal wall, including the aponeurosis and muscles.

Removal of the gallbladder by laparoscopy practically eliminates the risk of postoperative ventral hernia formation. When performing laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder, in comparison with traditional cholecystectomy, the recovery time of patients is significantly reduced, which has a significant economic effect.

Laparoscopic gallbladder removal has distinct technical advantages over traditional cholecystectomy:

-possibility to perform simultaneous (combined) operations without an additional incision of the anterior abdominal wall,
-identification of concomitant pathology of the abdominal organs during laparoscopy,
-improvement of visualization of the surgical intervention area, especially with a deep location of the gallbladder in obese patients and hypersthenics.

Considering that gallstone disease is more often observed in women, and often at a young age (30–40 years), the cosmetic result of the intervention is of no small importance - small skin incisions (5–10 mm) heal with the formation of subtle scars.

How is Laparoscopic Gallbladder Removal Performed?

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed under general anesthesia (endotracheal anesthesia). Surgeon inserts a special needle into the abdomen through which gas is injected into the abdominal cavity. This greatly improves the visualization of internal organs. Next, 4 incisions are made, up to 2-3 cm long, through which a video camera and instruments are inserted.

When removing the gallbladder, it is necessary to cross the cystic duct and artery. For this, metal clips are applied to them. The gallbladder is removed from the abdominal cavity through one of the incisions. A thin drainage is applied to the gallbladder bed and sutures are applied to the wounds.